Dogs judge us and are much more patient with incompetent humans than they are with mean ones, a study has suggested.
The research is the latest to explore whether canines are capable of understanding human intentions.
The results suggest that dogs can indeed distinguish between somebody who would like to feed them a tasty treat but is thwarted by their clumsiness, and another person who is dangling food in front of them just to tease them.
While they will remain attentive to the former, they will give the latter the doggy equivalent of the cold shoulder.
A similar ability to distinguish between people who would like to help but are unable and others who are simply unwilling is seen in human children towards the end