Hyperparathyroidism is a condition that affects cats of all ages, but is more commonly seen in middle-aged to older cats, as well as Siamese cats. It is caused by an overactive parathyroid gland, and can lead to a condition called hypercalcemia (high calcium). There are two types of hyperparathyroidism: primary and secondary. Primary hyperparathyroidism is caused by a tumor or enlargement of the parathyroid gland, while secondary hyperparathyroidism is usually caused by poor nutrition or kidney disease.
Common symptoms of hyperparathyroidism include lethargy, constipation, poor appetite, muscle tremors, changes in urination habits or blood in the urine, excessive thirst, and a lump in the neck. You or your veterinarian might feel a lump on the underside of your cat’s neck, which is where the parathyroid glands are located. Cats with hyperparathyroidism may also develop calcium deposits in their muscles or skin, which can weaken their bones and cause fractures.
In order to diagnose hyperparathyroidism, your veterinarian will likely start by conducting a blood test to check your cat’s calcium levels. X-rays, an ultrasound scan of the neck, and a biopsy may also be recommended. The best treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism is surgical removal of the affected parathyroid glands. Before surgery, your cat will need stabilization treatment to prepare them for a successful procedure. Stabilization treatment will help to lower calcium levels, which can be done with diuretics, certain steroids, and via IV fluids. Secondary causes of hyperparathyroidism can be treated by correcting the underlying cause and surgery is not required.
Hyperparathyroidism usually resolves within weeks after surgery, or nutritional change (in cases of secondary hyperparathyroidism). Seeking veterinary care early is crucial in preventing worsening symptoms of hyperparathyroidism. If your cat isn’t behaving normally, take them to a veterinarian. If your cat has a lump on its neck, appears lethargic, is vomiting or constipated, or shows changes in urinary behavior, take them to see a veterinarian and don’t be afraid to mention the possibility of hyperparathyroidism.
Hyperparathyroidism is a condition that affects cats of all ages, but is more commonly seen in middle-aged to older cats, as well as Siamese cats. It is caused by an overactive parathyroid gland, and can lead to a condition called hypercalcemia (high calcium). There are two types of hyperparathyroidism: primary and secondary. Primary hyperparathyroidism is caused by a tumor or enlargement of the parathyroid gland, while secondary hyperparathyroidism is usually caused by poor nutrition or kidney disease.
Common symptoms of hyperparathyroidism include lethargy, constipation, poor appetite, muscle tremors, changes in urination habits or blood in the urine, excessive thirst, and a lump in the neck. You or your veterinarian might feel a lump on the underside of your cat’s neck, which is where the parathyroid glands are located. Cats with hyperparathyroidism may also develop calcium deposits in their muscles or skin, which can weaken their bones and cause fractures.
In order to diagnose hyperparathyroidism, your veterinarian will likely start by conducting a blood test to check your cat’s calcium levels. X-rays, an ultrasound scan of the neck, and a biopsy may also be recommended. All of these tests are important in order to determine whether your cat has primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism.
The best treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism is surgical removal of the affected parathyroid glands. Before surgery, your cat will need stabilization treatment to prepare them for a successful procedure. Stabilization treatment will help to lower calcium levels, which can be done with diuretics, certain steroids, and via IV fluids. During surgery, the veterinarian will check each parathyroid gland and remove any that look enlarged or diseased. Surgery is usually very successful and leads to a cure, but cats often need to take calcium and vitamin D supplements for a period of time after.
Secondary causes of hyperparathyroidism can be treated by correcting the underlying cause and surgery is not required. This may include changing your cat’s diet to ensure they’re getting the proper nutrition they need, or providing treatment for any underlying kidney disease.
Hyperparathyroidism usually resolves within weeks after surgery, or nutritional change (in cases of secondary hyperparathyroidism). Seeking veterinary care early is crucial in preventing worsening symptoms of hyperparathyroidism. It’s important to keep an eye out for any changes in your cat’s behavior or physical appearance, and to take them to a veterinarian if you notice anything unusual. If your cat has a lump on its neck, appears lethargic, is vomiting or constipated, or shows changes in urinary behavior, take them to see a veterinarian and don’t be afraid to mention the possibility of hyperparathyroidism.
Hyperparathyroidism is a serious condition that can cause long-term health problems for your cat if left untreated. Early diagnosis and treatment is key to ensuring a successful outcome. If you’re concerned that your cat may have hyperparathyroidism, it’s important to discuss the symptoms with your veterinarian and to have them conduct a thorough physical examination. Your veterinarian can then determine the best course of action to treat the condition and help your cat live a long and healthy life.
